कृषि बीमाको रियल टाईम सफ्टवयेरको प्रयोग र सफ्टवयेर मार्फत बीमालेख जारी गर्ने प्रकृया

Application of Agriculture Real Time Insurance Software in Nepal

Agriculture contributes 27% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) playing an inevitable role in Nepalese economy. Livestock commodity of the agriculture sector that accounts for 25.7% of agricultural GDP, also plays an important role in daily human nutrition as well as national economy.  Various risk in agriculture such as diseases, pests and climate hazards, natural calamities and accidents cause serious economic loss to the farming communities in Nepal. These risks in needs to be addressed, where the agriculture insurance acts as an important risk bearing mechanism. The conventional insurance models/systems face numerous challenges such as insurance frauds, delayed claims and high operational costs, and less transparent. Agriculture Insurance Real Time Software is integrated technology that would play an inevitable role in mitigating these risks. Thus, the integrated software will play a significant role in enhancing the efficacy of agriculture and livestock insurance, check and balance the insurance frauds. In addition to this, it helps in tracking subsidy amount, claims, reduce operational cost and make the insurance sector more transparent.

The agriculture and livestock insurance policy can be issued through the link below:

Insurance policy issuance process

Link: alis.nia.gov.np

The farmer registers with his mobile number.

↓

Then, after generating an OTP, the user logs in with a password and fills in the KYC.

↓

The farmer requests insurance for the relevant livestock or vegetable farming.

↓

The company's branch reviews the request and either accepts or rejects it. At the same time, the company designates the relevant technician before accepting the request.

↓

Thereafter farmer fills the proposal form himself or through an agent.

↓

The technician will log in and fill in the technical details.

↓

The company's branch will log in and after reviewing the proposal form and technical form, issue a draft insurance policy and send it to the farmer for approval.

↓

The farmer will log in and review the draft insurance policy and accept it if the details are correct.

↓

The company's branch will log in and put the draft insurance policy in pending status.

↓

Finally, it will pull the data from the system to its system through API and issue the insurance policy and finally push the data to the Alis system.

    

नेपालमा पंगास खेती

तराईको विभिन्न स्थानहरु जस्तै; झापा,मोरङ,सिराहा,धनुषा,सर्लाहि, बारा, चितवन, दाङ जिल्लाहरूमा केहि कृषकहरूले पंगास माछा पालन गर्दै आएका छन्। 

यो माछाको भुरा देशमा हालसम्म ब्यवसायिक किसिमले उत्पादन हुन नसक्दा आयातित भुरामा कृषकहरूको ब्यवसाय पुर्ण रूपमा भर परेको अवस्था छ। प्रत्येक बर्ष भारत बाट बिगत केहि बर्ष देखी पंगास माछा आयात भइ रहेको अवस्था छ र  नेपाली उपभोक्ताहरूले क्रमश पंगास माछा मन पराउदै गएको पाइन्छ।

यस गरी देशका बिभिन्न भागमा पंगास माछा पालन भएको हुँदा आगामी दिनमा यसको थप बिस्तार हुने सम्भावना प्रवल देखिन्छ। 

निजि स्तरमा भुरा उत्पादन गराई पंगास माछाको प्रबर्धन गर्ने उदेश्यले सरकारी निकायबाट मत्स्य ह्यचरी निर्माणमा अनुदान दिने कार्य बिगत केहि बर्ष देखी भइरहेको छ भने केहि ब्यवसायिहरूलाइ अन्तराष्ट्रिय बजारबाट तालिम प्रदान गरी उनीहरूको क्षमता वृद्धि गर्ने प्रयासहरू भइरहेका छन। 

 

पंगास माछा पालन गर्दा निम्न कुराहरुमा ध्यान दिनुपर्दछ।

• पुरानो पोखरीको पानी सुकाउनु पर्दछ ।
•  माछाको भुरा राख्नु भन्दा पहिले पोखरीलाई पुरै १—२ हप्ता सम्म सुकाउनु पर्दछ।
• पिधको हिलो सुकाउन सके जंगली माछाहरु निर्मुल हुने र पोखरीको     उत्पादकत्वमा  वृद्धिमा सहयोग पुग्दछ।
•  पोखरीको डिल, पानीको प्रवेश तथा निकास द्वार मर्मत गर्नुपर्दछ।
• सुकेको पोखरीमा घर पोत्ने चूना प्रति कठठा १५ केजीको दरले राख्नु पर्दछ।
•   पोखरी तयारीको कार्य पुरा भए पछि १.५ देखि २ मिटर गहिरो हुने गरी पानी भर्नुपर्दछ।

स्रोतः (केन्द्रिय मत्स्य प्रवर्द्धन तथा संरक्षण केन्द्र, बालाजु)

 

 

Have you faced loss after purchasing agriculture,livestock and herb insurance? Follow the recommended steps to claim such loss

Claim process in Agriculture, Livestock and Herb Insurance

Ø Inform to company regarding the loss of the insured animals/crops/herbs via telephone, fax, email, SMS or in written form.

Ø   Completely filled Claim form.

Ø   Provide original copy in case of total loss while photocopy of original in case of partial loss.

Ø   Collect the signature, contact number including signature of atleast 5 neighbor.

Ø  Certification by institutions; local level, local Ward office that provide agriculture and livestock services.

Ø  Assessment of loss (Agriculture, livestock and herbs directive, 2079).

Ø   Below 5 lakhs of sum insured- Assessment by company itself.

Ø   Above 5 lakhs of sum insured -Assessment by loss assessor must be done.

Ø   Loss assessor should enclose the 1 video clip of at least 1 minute and 5 photographs captured from different angles along with loss assessed report.

Ø    In case the loss assessor is assigned, the company should assign the loss assessor within 7 days of loss reported.

Ø   The loss assessor should provide the report within 15 days from the assigned time.

Ø    The company after checking all the relevant documents should provide claim amount payment within 35 days of report submission by loss assessor.

 

Want to buy an Agriculture, Livestock and Herbs insurance product? If yes, follow these steps.

Purchase process of an Agriculture, Livestock and Herbs Product 

1.       Select the non-life insurance company.

2.       Fill the proposal form by self or with help of Insurance agent.

3.    Ensure the agriculture crops/herbs are at good condition or animal is/are healthy prior to insurance   verified by relevant technician( Agriculture technician for agriculture & herbs insurance, Livestock   technician for livestock insurance)

4.      Submit the proposal form along with the technical form.

5.      Company underwriting team reviews all the documents.

6.      Determine the premium based on the type of product to be insured.

7.      Premium payment by the farmers.

8.      Receive the receipt of product coverage.

9.      Insurance product purchased.

 Insurance risk coverage starts..

Source( Agriculture, Livestock and Herbs Chinari,NIA,2081)

Trend of fish policy issued in 3 FY

    

Fig1 Line graph showing the provincewise fish policy issued/sold
 in year 2077-78

The line graph illustrates the fish policy issued provincewise in the year 2077-78.The highest fish policy issued were in Madhesh Province followed by Bagmati and then Lumbini province and Karnali being the least.The highest policy issued in Madhesh indicates the fish production is more in case of Madhesh province and fish insurance is likely more there.As per statistics, the fish production in Terai is also highest 5.9 mt hectare

  Fig1 Line graph showing the provincewise fish policy issued/sold

   in year 2078-79

  

           

The line graph illustrates the fish policy issued provincewise in the year 2078-79.The highest fish policy issued were in Madhesh Province followed by Lumbini province and then Koshi province.The karnali province shows the least policy issued.

Fig1 Line graph showing the provincewise fish policy issued/sold

    in year 2079-80

The line graph illustrates the fish policy issued proncewise in the year 2079-80.The highest fish policy issued were in Madhesh Province followed by Lumbini province and then Koshi province.The karnali province shows the least policy issued.

Summary:

The all above line graphs illustrate that the fish policy issued were more in Madhesh province which indicates high fish production in the given area and insurance adoption.On other hand, the least policy issued were found in Karnali province indicating that the fish production is less and fish insurance adoption is least in compared with other provinces.

Source:( Nepal Insurance Authority)

माछा बीमा सम्बन्धी प्राविधिक व्यवस्था तथा जानकारी पृष्ठभूमीः 

नेपालको जैविक विविधता र जलस्रोतमा धनी देश हो। वर्तमान समयमा मत्स्यपालन कृषि क्षेत्रको विकसित उप-क्षेत्रको रुपमा रहेको छ। यहाँ अनेक प्रकारका जल सम्पदाहरु रहेका छन। 

नेपालमा नदी, ताल, रिजरभ्वायर, पोखरी, सिंचाइका नहर-कुलो, सडक छेउका जलाशय, सिमसार तथा घोल र सिंचित धानखेत आदि गरी कुल ८,२७,३१७ हेक्टर जलाशय क्षेत्रफल रहेको छ। विभिन्न प्रकारका कृत्रिम र प्राकृतिक जलाशयहरुमा अनेक जाति प्रजातिका माछाहरु र विभिन्न प्रकारका जलीय जीवहरु समेत पाइन्छन्। 

माछा पालनले प्राकृतिक स्रोत साधन, जलीय जीवहरुको संरक्षंण र सम्वर्द्धन तथा मत्स्यपालनमा प्रयोग भएको नया प्रविधिले दिगो विकासको लक्ष्य अनुरुप मानव जीवनलाई आवश्यक पर्ने पोषक तत्वहरु परिपूर्ति गर्न सहज पुर्याएको छ। विगत १२ वर्षमा मत्स्य उप क्षेत्रको वृध्दिदर दोहोरो अंकमा रहेकोले कृषिका अन्य पेशा मध्ये एक आकर्षक पेशाको रुपमा रहेको छ।

 मत्स्य क्षेत्रको कृषि ग्रार्हस्थ उत्पादनमा १.८३ प्रतिशत योगदान रहेको छ भने कूल ग्रार्हस्थ उत्पादनमा ०.४४ प्रतिशत रहेको छ । (केन्द्रिय मत्स्य प्रवर्द्धन केन्द्र वार्षिक प्रगति पुस्तिका, २०७८-७९) 

वर्तमान अवस्थाः 

मत्स्य क्षेत्रमा संलग्न जनसंख्याः६२,३९७ 

कूल माछा उत्पादनः १,१३,७३६ मे.ट

माछा निर्यातः ३,७३२ मे.ट 

तराईमा पोखरीमा माछा उत्पादनः ५.९ मे.टन प्रति हेक्टर

पहाड:४.६७ मे.टन प्रति हेक्टर 

उच्च पहाड:१.६७ मे.टन प्रति हेक्टर

 स्रोत: (केन्द्रिय मत्स्य प्रवर्द्धन केन्द्र , २०७८-७९) 

माछा पालनका किसिमहरुः

नेपालमा दुई किसिमको माछा पालन भईरहेको छ। 

न्यानो पानीमा हुर्कने माछाहरुः ७ जातका कार्पहरु, ३ वटा स्वदेशी र ४ वटा विदेशी जातहरु क) रोहु ख) नैनी ग) भाकुर घ) कमन कार्प ङ) सिल्भर कार्प च) बिगहेड कार्प छ) ग्रास कार्प 

२) चिसो पानीमा हुर्कने माछाहरुः मध्य-पहाड देखि उच्च पहाडसम्म चिसो हावापानी भएको ठाउँमा(<२० डिग्री सेल्सियस) पालन गर्न सकिन्छ। क) ट्राउट माछा 

नेपालमा मत्स्य पालनका लागि सिफारिस भएका जातहरुः 

१) कमन कार्प,

 २) सिल्भर कार्प, 

३) बिगहेड कार्प, 

४) ग्रास कार्प, 

५) रोहु, 

६) नैनी, 

७) भाकुर, 

८) रेन्बो ट्राउट 

(माछा भूरा मापदण्ड २०६१) 

माछा बीमालेखको विशेष व्यवस्था 

पोखरी वा रेसवेमा माछाको भुरा राखेको १५ दिन भित्र बीमा गरि सक्नु पर्नेछ । 

न्यानो पानीमा हुर्कने माछा जस्तै कार्प र पंगास को हकमा मंसिर, पुस र माघ महिनामा सुरुको स्टक राख्नु हुँदैन।

माछा पालनको लागि तयार गरिएको पोखरी (जलाशय) न्यनूतम दुई सय वर्ग मिटर र कम्तीमा एक मिटर गहिराई हुनपुर्नेछ।

माऊ माछा पालन पोखरीको हकमा पोखरीको क्षत्रफल न्यनुतम दुई हजार वर्ग मिटर सम्म हुनपुर्नेछ । 

पोखरीमा माऊ माछा व्यवस्थापन गर्दा माउ माछा प्रति हेक्टर बढीमा सत्ताइस सय के .जी. हुने गरेर व्यवस्थापन गरी राख्नु पर्नेछ । 

माछा बीमालेखको बीमाशुल्क ३ प्रतिशतका दरले लाग्नेछ ।

स्रोतः (माछा बीमालेख २०८०।०२।३०)

Formulation of goat feed

Feeding guide for goat

Source: A Textbook of Animal Husbandry,G.C Banerjee

Common milk adulterants in developing country Nepal: A short review

Abstract:

Milk adulteration is a serious concern in developing country Nepal and is at higher risk due to lack of government policies. Milk is almost a complete food containing essential nutrients required for growth and maintenance of the body. Milk is a high-risk commodity that can be adulterated in numerous ways and turn affects milk quality. The quality and safe milk production are one of the biggest problems faced by developing countries, and Nepal is one of them. The reason behind the milk adulteration is more for economic concerns, but the root cause of adulteration is to increase milk demand during the lean season in developing countries and the existing supply chain. Water being cheap is the most common adulterant added in the milk that decreases the nutrient content of milk. Milk producer also adds the preservatives to increase the shelf life of milk, caustic soda to reduce the milk acidity and materials like urea, starch, sugar and milk powder to increase SNF content. Such milk adulterants can possess serious health hazards to the public leading to fatal diseases. This review shows the common milk adulteration practices in-country Nepal and their impacts on food safety and human health and emphasize potential strategies for control of such adulteration practices. 

Further Reading: You can access the review article through following link;

Author:Dangi, Swotantra

Affiliation:Swotantra Dangi Forum for Rural Welfare and Agricultural Reform for Development, Bharatpur-2, Chitwan, Nepal. Dairy for Development in Nepal 

Publication:Aceh Journal of Animal Science, 2021, Vol 6, Issue 3, p91

ISSN:2502-9568

Publication type:Academic Journal

DOI:10.13170/ajas.6.3.20356

Rangeland and livestock production system in Nepal

Livestock Production system in high hills and Himalayas:

Cattles, Goat, Sheep, Chauries, and Yak were the main animal components raised by the farmers. Migratory pattern of animals follows the transhumance system. Animals graze from the lower altitude rangeland towards higher altitude rangeland depending upon the months and seasons of the year. Most of the chauri herders follow this transhumance practice of livestock management system.

Opportunities and Challenges:

Livestock rearing is the major occupation of the people living in the hills and mountain region of the country. Majority of the people in these areas rear Yaks, Chauries, Cattle, Sheep and Goat for income generation to meet their family needs. The existing rangeland and pastureland and the forest resources are the major animal feed resources. The existing pastureland and rangeland have low productivity due to presence of the dominating weeds/shrubs and under degradation due to high grazing pressure. Thus, there is ample opportunity to increase and expand the pasture improvement and development works in the future.

Opportunities for the pasture and livestock development based on the information from key informants and farmers group discussion summarized as:

Livestock and pasture resources are potential source of income generation through livestock products    such as milk, wool, cheese production, as well the source of tourism and herbal medicines.

Product diversification such as making cheese, ghee, churpi and other related products from yak and chauri milk have great scope in the international markets. Yak cheese is very popular in many countries   like Europe, Australia and America. Yak cheese from Nepal is especially very popular in European country Netherlands. This is linked with the pasture improvement and making availability of    lush of pasture for grazing.

·  Disasters: Natural disaster such as landslides, rainfall, snowing in these areas can adversely affect the productivity and livestock population in the rangelands. 

·   Rangelands in the higher hills and the alpines region are mostly dominated by the unwanted weeds, shrubs and bushes that inhibit the growth and development of the nutritious grasses, and legumes in the pasture.

·     Change in the government policies:

Despite of the fact that indigenous practices, knowledge and strategies are vital to sustainable development of rangeland resources and ecosystems, changes in forest policies and land-tenure can cause detrimental interference to the rangeland management

 Absence of basic information on rangelands:

The basic information such as altitudes, aspects, area, vegetation composition, biomass production, seasonality of growth and utilization is lacking and this in turn have hampered the formulation and implementation of rangeland improvement activities at field level. Similarly, the feed value of the native pastures and browse foliage is also lacking.

 Overgrazing:

Most of the herders keep large number of the animals, the average herd size in migratory system ranges from 200-300 heads of animals comprising 4-6 farmers/households. Large herds are unmanageable and grazing could be fatal. Therefore, this is another example restricting the effective management of rangeland.

Inadequate research and extension:

Research works on native pasture production and management especially in the northern region is inadequate. Awareness programs towards improved forage cultivation practices has been made however, due to shortage pf budget development, implementation of program on larger scale has not occurred. Most of the herders have little access to veterinary services, credit facilities and chilling centers. Farmers and government staff lack proper training in pasture production and livestock management.

Following recommendations have been made with an objective to improve the existing situation of the rangeland in Nepal:

Pasture/vegetation improvement:

• Identification and elimination of unwanted and toxic weeds, shrubs and bushes    from the grazing lands   should be prioritized.
•  Conservation of the potential native vegetation should be practiced by adopting       proper grazing management practices.
•  It is necessary to minimize the grazing pressure on the rangelands.
•   Improvement of the soil integrity and fertility is must for high herbage mass production.
•  Introduction of new potential herbage species in the rangeland without replacing the other key species.

Policy issues:

· Policy formulation on rangeland management and improvement, livestock production and management system with emphasis on Yak, Chauri, Cattles sheep and goat would be more practical to address the pasture productivity increment and utilization issues.
· Conservation of the genetic resources of the rangeland ecosystem for biodiversity conservation. 

 

 

 

 

 

Overview of Livestock Insurance in Nepal

Summary & recommendations: 

Despite livestock insurance being quite successful, there are some shortcomings. Livestock enterprise is most vulnerable to risks such as disease, lack of veterinary services, and natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, and landslides. So, livestock insurance is an effective risk-bearing mechanism. However, due to the lack of price-fixing mechanisms for dairy cattle, buffaloes and other livestock by the government, the insured farmers are not satisfied with the valuation and loss assessment. The reason is the sum insured of particular livestock species such as dairy cattle, buffaloes and goats is determined by the mutual understanding of the insurance company, farmers and service provider(technician).

Poultry Insurance

Cattle Insurance

Goat Insurance

The challenge the livestock insurance in Nepal could be addressed by raising awareness among the farmers about the benefits of insurance and relevant procedures during insurance is very crucial to increasing insurance adoption. Public awareness campaigns should be intensified through the combined efforts of all the stakeholders including local government authorities, media, insurance companies, and farmers or cooperatives. Accessibility of the insurance services even in the rural areas should be enhanced by increasing the number of insurance or extension agents. Furthermore, the insurance agents should be provided with the appropriate training and insurance procedure guidelines in the local language so that they can approach and convince farmers to insure their livestock. In addition to it, the livestock insurance adoption in rural areas would further be enhanced by executing the standard guidelines for the determination of the sum insured number of dairy animals by the Nepal government. This step would certainly benefit the smallholder farmers by ensuring their livestock can get the real valuation of what they have invested during animal purchase. The effectiveness of the insurance program can also be increased by simplifying the procedure of issuing the insurance policy and claim reimbursement process. 

You can access this article on Academia Letters at https://doi.org/10.20935/AL5977 

Corresponding Author: Dr. Swotantra Dangi, cswotantra@gmail.com 

Citation: Dangi, D. (2022). Overview of Livestock Insurance in Nepal. Academia Letters, Article 5977. https://doi.org/10.20935/AL5977

Fodder/forage listed in SQCC Nepa, their production potential and recommended areas(English version)

1.  Oat

Fodder Variety	Production(M Ton/Hectare)	Recommended Area
Kamdhenu Oat	51-72	Terai & Mid Hill
Netra	32-91	Terai & Mid Hill
Ganesh	48-50	Terai & Mid Hill
Parbati	61-70	Terai & High Hill
Amritdhara	36	Terai & Mid Hill
Nandini	32-38	Terai & inner Madhesh
Swan	30-35	up to 2000 m.a.s.l in Terai, mid-hills & High hills

2. Berseem

Fodder Variety	Production(M Ton/Hectare)	Recommended Area
Berseem Green Gold	72-78	Terai & inner Terai
Mescavi	75-85	up to 1200 m.a.s.l in terai & mid-hills

3. Teosinte

Fodder Variety	Production(M Ton/Hectare)	Recommended area
Makaichari-1	35-45	up to 1500 m.a.s.l in terai & mid-hills

4.White Clover

Fodder Variety	Production(M Ton/Hectare)	Recommended area
Pyauli White clover	30-45	mid-hill to high hills

5. Rye grass

Fodder Variety	Production(M Ton/Hectare)	Recommended area
Dhunche Ryegrass	30-40	mid-hill to high hills

6.Common Vetch

Fodder Variety	Production(M Ton/Hectare)	Recommended area
Kutil Kosha 1	35-40	up to 2000 m.a.s.l terai, mid-hills and high-hills

7.Stylo

Fodder Variety	Production(M Ton/Hectare)	Recommended area
Palpa Stylo	72-80	up to 1600 m.a.s.l in terain& mid-hills.

8. Cocksfoot

Fodder Variety	Production(M Ton/Hectare)	Recommended area
Rasuwa Cocksfoot	30-40	up to 1600 m.a.s.l in mid-hills & high hills

9.Napier

Fodder Variety	Production(M Ton/Hectare)	Recommended area
Elephant grass-1	60-80	up to 1500 m.a.s.l in terai & mid-hills

10.Setaria

Fodder Variety	Production(M Ton/Hectare)	Recommended area
Khumal Banso	60-80	up to 2000 m.a.s.l  in terai, mid-hills & high hills